Graphite Soft Felt
Max Graphite manufactures all three types of graphite felt – PAN, Rayon, and Pitch based – providing the right material for Vacuum Furnace Heat Insulation and Flow Battery Electrodes. Soft Graphite Felt made by Max Graphite is already heat treated at 2500°C in our continuous furnaces, which makes it high purity, stable structure and smooth surface. There is no outgassing, no dust or fiber dropping in customers' furnaces. Graphite soft felt has stable structure and good lifetime working in vacuum or inert gas up to 3000°C. Max Graphite has 5 Purify Furnaces in our factory and can further purify the ash content to < 10 ppm.
Specification of
Graphite Soft Felt
Typical Grade Specifications: All values are typical; custom grades available on request.
Certifications:
Size of
Graphite Soft Felt
Max Graphite offers standard sizes and extensive custom fabrication capabilities to meet exact design requirements.
Contact us for a detailed stock list or to discuss your custom size requirements.
What is Graphite Soft Felt?
Graphite Soft Felt is a flexible, non-woven fabric engineered from high-purity carbon or graphite fibers. It is designed for demanding high-temperature applications requiring exceptional thermal insulation, chemical resistance, and reliable performance in inert or vacuum environments up to 3000°C. This versatile material is essential for thermal management and sealing in heat treatment, solar, semiconductor, aerospace, and advanced industrial furnace sectors.
Properties of Graphite Soft Felt
- Low Thermal Conductivity: Provides excellent thermal insulation, reducing heat loss and improving furnace efficiency.
- High Purity: Low ash content, purified to < 10 ppm, no outgassing.
- Strong Fiber Structure: No fiber drop, smooth surface, easy to cut and install.
- Excellent Oxidation Resistance: Long lifetime in vacuum furnaces.
- Extreme Temperature Resistance: Stable performance from cryogenic temperatures to 3000°C in inert/vacuum environments.
- Excellent Thermal Shock Resistance: Can withstand rapid heating and cooling cycles without cracking or degradation.
- High Flexibility & Conformability: Easy to cut, shape, and install around complex components and piping.
- Chemical Inertness: Resistant to most acids, alkalis, and organic solvents; stable in molten metal and salt environments.
- Low Thermal Mass: Enables faster heat-up and cool-down cycles in furnace applications, saving energy and time.
- Good Machinability: Can be easily fabricated into precise shapes using standard tools.
Production Process of Graphite Soft Felt
The manufacturing of premium graphite soft felt involves several controlled stages:
- Precursor Needling: PAN-based or pitch-based precursor fibers are needled into a stable, non-woven fabric structure (prefelt).
- Carbonization: The prefelt undergoes pyrolysis in an oxygen-free atmosphere at temperatures up to ~1200°C, converting the organic fibers into carbon fibers, resulting in Carbon Felt.
- Graphitization (Optional): For higher purity and thermal stability, the carbon felt is further processed in a graphitization furnace at temperatures exceeding 2500°C, transforming it into Graphite Felt.
- Purification & Treatment: The felt may undergo additional purification to reduce ash content and can be treated with coatings (e.g., pyrolytic carbon) to enhance specific properties like oxidation resistance or abrasion resistance.
Application of
Graphite Soft Felt
Heat Treatment
High-Temperature Vacuum Furnace Heat Insulation—linings, baffles, and thermal breaks in vacuum furnaces and graphite furnaces. Soft graphite felt is the only right material to work as heat insulation layer in vacuum furnace when temperature is over 1600°C; it can work when the furnace temperature increases up to 3000°C in inert gas.
Energy Storage
Flow Battery Electrode—Graphite Felt is used as an electrode material in various types of flow batteries, including Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB), Zinc Bromine Flow Battery, Sodium Flow Battery, etc. Its high conductivity and surface area enhance the performance and efficiency of the batteries.
Solar and Semiconductor
Heat insulation in crystal growth furnaces (CZ, LEC), Silicon and SiC Substrate and Epitaxy furnaces, diffusion furnaces, and MOCVD chambers.
Electronics
In the electronics industry, graphite felt is used for thermal management solutions. It helps dissipate heat from electronic components, ensuring they operate within safe temperature ranges.
Automotive
Used in automotive exhaust systems to provide thermal insulation and protect components from the high temperatures generated by the engine and exhaust gases.E
Related Materials and Products
We supply a comprehensive range of complementary high-temperature carbon and graphite materials.
Graphite Rigid Felt
Graphite Foil
Flow Battery Graphite Felt Electrode