3D & 4D CFC Carbon Composite

Max Graphite supplies 3D and 4D CFC to engineers and procurement teams operating in aerospace and broader high-temperature process industries, where fiber architecture integrity and through-thickness mechanical consistency are direct process variables. We hold a full range of preform architectures — 3D orthogonal, 3D hoop/cylindrical weave, and 4D multi-axial — supplied in block, plate, rod, tube, and near-net-shape form across a broad spectrum of densification grades. From first-article qualification through production volume, Max Graphite provides single-source supply for structural and thermally graded CFC requirements.

Specification of

3D & 4D CFC Carbon Composite

Low CTE, high Z-direction strength, and near-zero erosion make 3D/4D CFC superior to 2D CFC or graphite.

PropertyValueTest Standard
Density (g/cc)1.95GB/T 24528
Porosity (%)≤ 5GB/T 23561.4
Flexural Strength XY (MPa)≥ 120GB/T 3074.1
Flexural Strength Z (MPa)≥ 25GB/T 3074.1
Compressive Strength XY (MPa)≥ 160GB/T 1431
Compressive Strength Z (MPa)≥ 220GB/T 1431
Tensile Strength XY (MPa)≥ 130Custom
Tensile Strength Z (MPa)≥ 70Custom
Tensile Modulus XY (GPa)≥ 50Custom
Tensile Modulus Z (GPa)≥ 30Custom
CTE RT–1000 °C XY (×10⁻⁶/°C)≤ 1.0GB/T 3074.4
CTE RT–1000 °C Z (×10⁻⁶/°C)≤ 1.5GB/T 3074.4
Erosion Rate @ 1000 °C (mm/s)≤ 0.1Custom
Ash Content (ppm)≤ 200GB/T 1429
Graphitizing Temperature (°C)2600-
Heat Capacity (×10³ J/(kg·°C))≥ 1.2Custom
X-Ray InspectionNo internal defects-

Typical Grade Specifications: All values are typical; custom grades available on request.

Certifications:

ISO 9001

Size of

3D & 4D CFC Carbon Composite

Custom sizes available upon request – including near-net shapes and complex geometries.

DimensionStandardMax Capability
LengthMade to order1000 mm
WidthMade to order1000 mm
ThicknessMade to order1000 mm

Contact us for a detailed stock list or to discuss your custom size requirements.

What is 3D & 4D CFC Carbon/Carbon Composite Material?

3D and 4D CFC (Carbon FiberReinforced Carbon) are advanced carbon/carbon composites with multi-directional fiber architectures. Unlike standard2D laminates, 3D weaving integrates fibers in X, Y, and Z directions, while 4D weaving adds angular reinforcement. This structure eliminates delamination and provides exceptional isotropic mechanical properties and thermal stability up to 3000°C.

These composites are engineered for ultra-high-temperature applications where reliability, erosion resistance, and dimensional stability are critical.

Production Process of 3D & 4D CFC Composite

  1. 3D / 4D Weaving – Continuous carbon fiber tows (1K, 3K, 6K, 12K) are woven into a monolithic preform.
  2. Densification – Repeated chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) or pitch impregnation & carbonization.
  1. Graphitization – Heat treatment at 2600°C to achieve high crystallinity and low ash content.
  2. X-Ray Inspection – 100% non-destructive testing to ensure zero delamination or voids.
  1. CNC Machining – Precision machining to final dimensions.

Applications

Thanks to its high Z-axis strength, low erosion, and thermal shock resistance, 3D/4D CFC is used in:

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